https://gi.copernicus.org/articles/ Combined list of the recent articles of the journal Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems and the recent discussion forum Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions en https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-183-2026 Enhanced removal of very low frequency and low frequency radio noise from transient electromagnetic data with modeling and adaptive filtering Michel Hardenberg and Jakob Juul Larsen Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 183–193, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-183-2026, 2026 Transient electromagnetics (TEM) is traditionally used for mapping, but new use-cases are emerging. For example, a stationary TEM instrument can gather time-lapse data. By observing dynamic changes of the subsurface resistivity model, it is possible to track changes in groundwater levels. However, the changes are minuscule and data sets with very high signal-to-noise ratios are therefore crucial. We demonstrate a method for suppressing noise from a specific type of radio noise. Thu, 21 May 2026 18:01:47 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-165-2026 A database-driven research data framework for integrating and processing high-dimensional geoscientific data Dennis Handy, W. Marijn van der Meij, Mirijam Zickel, and Tony Reimann Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 165–181, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-165-2026, 2026 Geoscientific projects often struggle to manage complex data effectively, resulting in valuable information being lost due to poor findability and accessibility. To address this, we present a comprehensive research data framework for storing and processing data throughout a project, from fieldwork to data analysis. This ensures that datasets are clearly defined, reproducible and adhere to the FAIR principles (findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability). Wed, 20 May 2026 18:01:47 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-141-2026 Experimental analysis of Taylor bubble regimes using kymography: a tool for understanding bubble ascent dynamics in open-vent volcanic conduits Hannah Calleja, Eric C. P. Breard, Tom D. Pering, Linda A. Kirstein, Ian B. Butler, and J. Godfrey Fitton Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 141–163, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-141-2026, 2026 Some volcanic eruptions are driven by huge gas pockets called Taylor bubbles. Volcanologists use experiments that replicate flow inside volcanic conduits to study these eruptions. We show for the first time that kymography can be used to effectively quantify key Taylor bubble flow features such as: gas volume fraction, gas and liquid slug velocities, bubble length and diameter, falling film thickness, bubble and coalescence event counts, and to indicate steady-state ascent. Fri, 08 May 2026 18:01:47 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-127-2026 Improving the Magic constant – data-based calibration of phased array radars Theresa Rexer, Björn Gustavsson, Juha Vierinen, Andres Spicher, Devin Ray Huyghebaert, Andreas Kvammen, Robert Gillies, and Asti Bhatt Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 127–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-127-2026, 2026 We present a second-level calibration method for electron density measurements from multi-beam incoherent scatter radars. It is based on the well-known Flat field correction method used in imaging and photography. The method improves data quality and useability as it accounts for unaccounted and unpredictable variations in the radar system. This is valuable for studies where inter-beam calibration is important such as studies of polar cap patches, plasma irregularities and turbulence. Wed, 06 May 2026 18:01:47 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-107-2026 Multi-scale and multi-compartment monitoring of tree vitality – integrating soil, stem, crown, and remote sensing observations Moritz Mauz, Stefan Ehekircher, Andreas Braun, Armin Niessner, Tamara Schober, Göran Spangenberg, Jürgen Schäffer, Sebastian Hein, and Volker Hochschild Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 107–125, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-107-2026, 2026 This study presents the research design and first results of the DryTrees project, which investigates drought stress in Central European beech and oak forests. By combining continuous in-situ measurements of tree water balance with drone-, satellite-, and meteorological data, the project assesses how site-specific soil properties influence tree vitality and drought susceptibility. The integrative approach supports the development of site-adapted, climate-resilient forest management strategies. Wed, 15 Apr 2026 18:01:47 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-89-2026 Modernizing GNSS data acquisition, pre-processing, and distribution at volcanological observatories Pierre Sakic, Patrice Boissier, Jean-Marie Saurel, Sébastien Deroussi, Arnaud Andrieu, Cyprien Griot, Alexis Bosson, Cyril Vidal, Constanza Pardo, Jean-Bernard de Chabalier, and OVPF, OVSG & OVSM Teams Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 89–106, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-89-2026, 2026 We developed two open tools that simplify and modernize the processing of satellite positioning data used to monitor volcanoes and earthquakes. They automatically collect and convert data from different instruments into a common format, making near real-time analysis easier and more reliable. These tools enable observatories in remote areas to enhance their ability to track ground movements and gain a deeper understanding of natural hazards. Thu, 19 Mar 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-75-2026 Design and implementation of a robust data logging and satellite telemetry system for remote cryospheric research Sunil N. Oulkar, Matthew W. Peacey, Michael Mitrev, Duncan J. Quincey, Bryn Hubbard, Tom Matthews, Ankita S. Oulkar, Katie E. Miles, and Ann V. Rowan Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 75–88, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-75-2026, 2026 We designed and tested a system that can record and send data in near real time from extreme and remote locations, such as Mount Everest. Using solar power and satellite communication, the system worked reliably at high altitude, showing it can be applied in other remote regions. This approach will help scientists collect vital information on how the environment is changing in areas that are normally very difficult to study. Fri, 27 Feb 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-65-2026 The development of a reference corner cube inertial suspension device Bing Zhang, Xiaoyi Zhu, Qiong Wu, Bing Xue, Lili Xing, Yanxiong Wu, Peng Su, Xiaolei Wang, Yuru Wang, Shuaibo Zhao, Chuhan Wang, and Kaihang Liu Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 65–73, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-65-2026, 2026 A reference corner cube inertial suspension device (RCCISD) was developed to measure the vibration acceleration of the reference corner cube of the laser interferometer absolute gravimeter. Experimental test results show that the noise power spectral density (PSD) of gravitational acceleration calculated by an interference fringe observed jointly by the RCCISD is about 40 dB lower than that of the reference corner cube directly placed on the ground.  Thu, 26 Feb 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-53-2026 Classification of sea-ice concentration from ship-board S-band radar images using open-source machine learning tools Elizabeth Westbrook, Peter Gaube, Emmett Culhane, Frederick Bingham, Astrid Pacini, Carlyn Schmidgall, Julian Schanze, and Kyla Drushka Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 53–63, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-53-2026, 2026 We develop a machine learning methods to detect and classify how much sea ice was present around our research vessel. We used a navigation radar common on many merchant vessels attached to a screen capture device. The captured images were classified using a convolutional neural network and the resulting classification were found to be in good agreement with direct observations and satellite-based products. Mon, 09 Feb 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-39-2026 One-day repeat pass interferometry highlights the role of temporal baseline on digital elevation models retrieved from Sentinel-1 Andreas Braun Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 39–52, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-39-2026, 2026 The study examines how new satellite images can be used to create detailed maps of Earth’s surface height. Analysis of Sentinel-1C data shows that very short time gaps between images produce the most accurate results in the study area, while longer gaps reduce quality, especially over forests and steep terrain. The findings give insights on the data quality achievable by 1-day repeat-pass interferometry by Sentinel-1. Fri, 23 Jan 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-27-2026 Evaluating data quality and reference instrument robustness: insights of 12 years DI magnetometer comparisons in the Geomagnetic Network of China Yufei He, Xudong Zhao, Fuxi Yang, Suqin Zhang, and Qi Li Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 27–38, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-27-2026, 2026 This study evaluates the data quality and long-term robustness of reference fluxgate theodolites in Geomagnetic Network of China (GNC). Results show high stability in reference instruments and no drift. Operator dependent errors were identified as the primary contributor in observer data. The study highlights the critical role of comparisons. Future efforts should integrate sensors and automation technologies to minimize human errors, thereby providing a higher quality data for studies. Thu, 15 Jan 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-17-2026 Frequency control and monitoring of the ALOMAR RMR lidar's pulsed high-power Nd:YAG lasers Jens Fiedler, Gerd Baumgarten, Michael Gerding, Torsten Köpnick, Reik Ostermann, and Bernd Kaifler Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 17–26, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-17-2026, 2026 We developed a system for frequency control and monitoring of pulsed high-power lasers. It works in real-time, controls the laser cavity length, and performs a spectral analyzes of each individual laser pulse. The motivation for this work was to improve the retrieval of Doppler winds measured by lidar in the middle atmosphere by taking the frequency stability of the lidar transmitter into account. Fri, 09 Jan 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-7-2026 The azimuth observation by Global Navigation Satellite Systems as an alternative to astronomical method: a case study at Kakioka Hiroki Matsushita, Daisuke Matsuura, Funa Iizuka, Junpei Oogi, and Seiki Asari Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 7–15, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-7-2026, 2026 We have adopted Polaris sighting as our azimuth observation at our observatories for a long time. This method, however, has some difficulties such as weather-dependent observation conditions. Therefore, we examined the satellite method and found that its precision was comparable to the Polaris sighting. We also found that a significant difference of about 10 arcseconds between them. This is due likely to a deflection of vertical, which is well known in the field of geodetic surveying. Tue, 06 Jan 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-1-2026 Pituffik (PIF), a new magnetic observatory in the Arctic Anna Willer, Lars William Pedersen, Jan Oechsle, and Marie Vigger Eldor Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 15, 1–6, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-1-2026, 2026 The new Arctic magnetic observatory at Pituffik in Greenland is strategically located in a sparsely monitored high-latitude region. Analysis of over a year of data, including baseline stability, temperature control, and calibrated magnetic field measurements demonstrates high data quality and confirms the observatory’s readiness for contribution to the international geomagnetic community. Mon, 05 Jan 2026 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-541-2025 Tipping point analysis helps identify sensor phenomena in humidity data Valerie N. Livina, Kate Willett, and Stephanie Bell Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 14, 541–564, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-541-2025, 2025 A novel approach that uses tipping point analysis for identifying instrumental changes in sensor data that may not have full description of legacy hardware. The technique helps interpret changes of pattern in the data (autocorrelations) and distinguish them from climatic and environmental effects. This is particularly important for historic datasets, where instrumental changes may be undocumented or lack metadata. Fri, 19 Dec 2025 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-527-2025 Peer-review of data products: an automated assistance system for INTERMAGNET Roman Leonhardt, Benoit Heumez, Tero Raita, and Jan Reda Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 14, 527–539, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-527-2025, 2025 IMBOT, the INTERMAGNET ROBOT, has been developed to perform automated routines to convert and evaluate data submission to INTERMAGNET, a global network of geomagnetic observatories. IMBOT makes data review faster and more reliable, providing high-quality data for the geomagnetic community. Thu, 18 Dec 2025 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-513-2025 High-speed infrared thermography for measuring flash temperatures in sheared fault gouge analogues Chien-Cheng Hung and André Rik Niemeijer Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 14, 513–525, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-513-2025, 2025 During coseismic slip, rapid fault sliding generates heat, triggering processes that weaken fault materials. Flash heating at stressed contacts is a key dynamic weakening mechanism, but data on flash temperatures in sheared gouge are limited. We built an experimental setup with a high-speed infrared camera to capture in-situ thermal images during rapid shearing to determine how peak flash temperature varies with conditions and compare with theoretical predictions. Wed, 17 Dec 2025 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-503-2025 Solar regulators for polar instrumentation: why night consumption matters Michael R. Prior-Jones, Lisa Craw, Jonathan D. Hawkins, Elizabeth A. Bagshaw, Paul Carpenter, Thomas H. Nylen, and Joe Pettit Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 14, 503–512, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-503-2025, 2025 We tested solar regulators to find their suitability for use in powering instruments in the polar regions. We found that some models waste a lot of power and may result in instruments failing during the wintertime. We developed a model to illustrate this effect, and use it to show that a good choice of solar regulator means a greater chance of successful winter data collection and allows the use of a smaller, lighter, cheaper battery. Tue, 16 Dec 2025 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-491-2025 Real-time plotting and evaluation of the data quality control from the CSIR-NGRI magnetic observatories Pavan Kumar Vengala, Phani Chandrasekhar Nelapatla, and Sai Vijay Kumar Potharaju Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 14, 491–501, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-491-2025, 2025 A Python-based tool for real-time visualization and quality control of 1 s and 1 min geomagnetic data has been developed for geomagnetic observatories in Choutuppal and Hyderabad, India. This tool generates plots, performs quality checks, and prepares data for analysis. It also integrates artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to enhance the accuracy and accessibility of geomagnetic data. Fri, 12 Dec 2025 18:01:47 +0100 https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-475-2025 Teoloyucan geomagnetic observatory operation over a quality management system ISO 9001:2015 Ana Caccavari-Garza, Gerardo Cifuentes-Nava, Armando Carrillo-Vargas, Adriana Elizabeth Gonzalez-Cabrera, Charbeth López-Urías, and Juan Esteban Hernandez-Quintero Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 14, 475–489, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-475-2025, 2025 This paper seeks to demonstrate how the implementation of a quality management system facilitated the organization and enhancement of the operations of the Teoloyucan Magnetic Observatory, the only one in Mexico. This document describes the operation, functionality, and deployment of the Earth's magnetic field data recorded at this observatory, as well as the procedure for acquiring ISO 9001:2015 certification. Thu, 11 Dec 2025 18:01:47 +0100