Articles | Volume 6, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-453-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-453-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
06 Nov 2017
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 06 Nov 2017
Making better sense of the mosaic of environmental measurement networks: a system-of-systems approach and quantitative assessment
Irish Climate Analysis Research UnitS, Department of
Geography, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
Fabio Madonna
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Metodologie
per l'Analisi Ambientale (CNR-IMAA), Potenza, Italy
Joerg Schulz
EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany
Tim Oakley
Global Climate Observing System Secretariat, Geneva,
Switzerland
Met Office, Fitzroy Road, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
Bruce Ingleby
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading,
UK
Marco Rosoldi
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Metodologie
per l'Analisi Ambientale (CNR-IMAA), Potenza, Italy
Emanuele Tramutola
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Metodologie
per l'Analisi Ambientale (CNR-IMAA), Potenza, Italy
Antti Arola
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Matthias Buschmann
Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen,
Germany
Anna C. Mikalsen
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen,
Norway
Richard Davy
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen,
Norway
Corinne Voces
Irish Climate Analysis Research UnitS, Department of
Geography, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
Karin Kreher
BK Scientific, Mainz, Germany
Martine De Maziere
Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB),
Brussels, Belgium
Gelsomina Pappalardo
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Metodologie
per l'Analisi Ambientale (CNR-IMAA), Potenza, Italy
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- Variability of maximum and minimum monthly mean air temperatures over mainland Spain and their relationship with low‐variability atmospheric patterns for period 1916–2015 J. González‐Hidalgo et al. 10.1002/joc.7331
- Towards a global land surface climate fiducial reference measurements network P. Thorne et al. 10.1002/joc.5458
- The New Radiosounding HARMonization (RHARM) Data Set of Homogenized Radiosounding Temperature, Humidity, and Wind Profiles With Uncertainties F. Madonna et al. 10.1029/2021JD035220
- The Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): history, status and perspectives M. De Mazière et al. 10.5194/acp-18-4935-2018
- Land Surface Air Temperature Data Are Considerably Different Among BEST‐LAND, CRU‐TEM4v, NASA‐GISS, and NOAA‐NCEI Y. Rao et al. 10.1029/2018JD028355
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- Towards the profiling of the atmospheric boundary layer at European scale—introducing the COST Action PROBE D. Cimini et al. 10.1007/s42865-020-00003-8
- Sensitivity of trends to estimation methods and quantification of subsampling effects in global radiosounding temperature and humidity time series S. SY et al. 10.1002/joc.6827
- Intercomparison of Atmospheric Upper-Air Temperature From Recent Global Reanalysis Datasets Y. Essa et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.935139
- Increasing the maturity of measurements of essential climate variables (ECVs) at Italian atmospheric WMO/GAW observatories by implementing automated data elaboration chains L. Naitza et al. 10.1016/j.cageo.2020.104432
- Atmospheric boundary layer height from ground-based remote sensing: a review of capabilities and limitations S. Kotthaus et al. 10.5194/amt-16-433-2023
- Towards a European Cal/Val service for earth observation S. Sterckx et al. 10.1080/01431161.2020.1718240
- Assessment of Trends and Uncertainties in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Estimated Using Radiosounding Observations over Europe F. Madonna et al. 10.3390/atmos12030301
- The Novel Copernicus Global Dataset of Atmospheric Total Water Vapour Content with Related Uncertainties from GNSS Observations K. Rannat et al. 10.3390/rs15215150
- Design and implementation of the detection software of a wireless microseismic acquisition station based on the Android platform Q. Zhang et al. 10.5194/gi-10-91-2021
- Assessment of NA‐CORDEX regional climate models, reanalysis and in situ gridded‐observational data sets against the U.S. Climate Reference Network S. SY et al. 10.1002/joc.8331
- Using reference radiosondes to characterise NWP model uncertainty for improved satellite calibration and validation F. Carminati et al. 10.5194/amt-12-83-2019
- The State of Assessing Data Stewardship Maturity – An Overview G. Peng 10.5334/dsj-2018-007
- Towards a Traceable Climate Service: Assessment of Quality and Usability of Essential Climate Variables Y. Zeng et al. 10.3390/rs11101186
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Observing Requirements for Long-Term Climate Records at the Ocean Surface E. Kent et al. 10.3389/fmars.2019.00441
- Variability of maximum and minimum monthly mean air temperatures over mainland Spain and their relationship with low‐variability atmospheric patterns for period 1916–2015 J. González‐Hidalgo et al. 10.1002/joc.7331
- Towards a global land surface climate fiducial reference measurements network P. Thorne et al. 10.1002/joc.5458
- The New Radiosounding HARMonization (RHARM) Data Set of Homogenized Radiosounding Temperature, Humidity, and Wind Profiles With Uncertainties F. Madonna et al. 10.1029/2021JD035220
- The Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): history, status and perspectives M. De Mazière et al. 10.5194/acp-18-4935-2018
- Land Surface Air Temperature Data Are Considerably Different Among BEST‐LAND, CRU‐TEM4v, NASA‐GISS, and NOAA‐NCEI Y. Rao et al. 10.1029/2018JD028355
- Intercomparison of Vaisala RS92 and RS41 Radiosonde Temperature Sensors under Controlled Laboratory Conditions M. Rosoldi et al. 10.3390/atmos13050773
- Statistical issues in radiosonde observation of atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles A. Fassò et al. 10.1016/j.spl.2018.02.027
- A novel fusion framework embedded with zero-shot super-resolution and multivariate autoregression for precipitable water vapor across the continental Europe J. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2023.113783
- Uncertainty of atmospheric microwave absorption model: impact on ground-based radiometer simulations and retrievals D. Cimini et al. 10.5194/acp-18-15231-2018
- Towards the profiling of the atmospheric boundary layer at European scale—introducing the COST Action PROBE D. Cimini et al. 10.1007/s42865-020-00003-8
- Sensitivity of trends to estimation methods and quantification of subsampling effects in global radiosounding temperature and humidity time series S. SY et al. 10.1002/joc.6827
- Intercomparison of Atmospheric Upper-Air Temperature From Recent Global Reanalysis Datasets Y. Essa et al. 10.3389/feart.2022.935139
- Increasing the maturity of measurements of essential climate variables (ECVs) at Italian atmospheric WMO/GAW observatories by implementing automated data elaboration chains L. Naitza et al. 10.1016/j.cageo.2020.104432
- Atmospheric boundary layer height from ground-based remote sensing: a review of capabilities and limitations S. Kotthaus et al. 10.5194/amt-16-433-2023
- Towards a European Cal/Val service for earth observation S. Sterckx et al. 10.1080/01431161.2020.1718240
- Assessment of Trends and Uncertainties in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Estimated Using Radiosounding Observations over Europe F. Madonna et al. 10.3390/atmos12030301
- The Novel Copernicus Global Dataset of Atmospheric Total Water Vapour Content with Related Uncertainties from GNSS Observations K. Rannat et al. 10.3390/rs15215150
- Design and implementation of the detection software of a wireless microseismic acquisition station based on the Android platform Q. Zhang et al. 10.5194/gi-10-91-2021
- Assessment of NA‐CORDEX regional climate models, reanalysis and in situ gridded‐observational data sets against the U.S. Climate Reference Network S. SY et al. 10.1002/joc.8331
- Using reference radiosondes to characterise NWP model uncertainty for improved satellite calibration and validation F. Carminati et al. 10.5194/amt-12-83-2019
Discussed (final revised paper)
Latest update: 13 Jul 2025
Short summary
The term system-of-systems with respect to observational capabilities is frequently used, but what does it mean and how can it be assessed? Here, we define one possible interpretation of a system-of-systems architecture that is based upon demonstrable aspects of observing capabilities. We develop a set of assessment strands and then apply these to a set of atmospheric observational networks to decide which observations may be suitable for characterising satellite platforms in future work.
The term system-of-systems with respect to observational capabilities is frequently used, but...
