Recent  

Overall accuracy of CO₂/H₂O data from open-path eddy-covariance systems is modeled for data analysis. The model is further formulated into CO₂ and H₂O accuracy equations for uses. Based on atmospheric physics and bioenvironment, both equations are used to evaluate accuracy of ecosystem CO₂/H₂O data and, as rationales, to assess field CO₂/H₂O zero and span procedures for the systems. The procedures are assessed for measurement improvement. An impractical H₂O span while cold is found unnecessary.

Construction, operation and analysis of an sEIT field-monitoring setup with high spatial and temporal resolution is presented. Electromagnetic induction errors are corrected, allowing the recovery of images of in-phase conductivity and electrical polarization of up to 1 kHz.

This review paper attempts to discuss how, the disruption of AI based data processing, has changed significantly the way Geomatics data are processed and interpreted. Among the sub-disciplines that are included in the umbrella of Geomatics, we focused on the kind of data that have been more recently faced by the research community, and tried to outline the recent trends and future research directions.

In airborne survey, the dynamic flight conditions cause the unequal data levels which have serious impact on airborne geophysical data analysis and interpretation. A new technique is proposed to level geophysical data in view of the image space properties. We have confirmed the reliability of the method by applying it to the AEM, magnetic data, and apparent conductivity data. The method can automatically extract the leveling errors without the participation of staff members or tie-line control.

In recent years, imaging of density inside volcanoes using cosmic-ray muons, has been studied. In some previous studies, observations were conducted in 2 or 3 directions to obtain 3D resolution. For higher resolution, we tried to observe a volcano from 11 directions using special photographic films. The observation and analytical techniques developed in this study may be applied to other volcanoes and large objects. Reconstructing 3D images of the volcano is in progress using the obtained data.

Surface Energy Balance (SEB) closure check and important environmental variables monitoring require soil heat flux measurement. On one hand every experimental technique has its possible errors and need to be checked and corrected. On the other hand, SEB equation should include all sensed energy sources and sinks.

Most measurements of air temperature and humidity originate from Stevenson-type thermometer screens, which can produce erroneous measurements in light winds owing to insufficient ventilation of the in-screen sensors. A field experiment to measure airflow within a Stevenson screen found mean airflow to be only 0.2 m s⁻¹, well below the 1 m s⁻¹ minimum normally assumed, and only 7 % of 10 m mean wind speeds. Implications for air temperature and humidity measurement uncertainties are discussed.

Sensors capable of measuring rapid fluctuations are important to improve our understanding of environmental processes. Many sensors are unable to do this, due to their reliance on the transfer of the measured property, for instance a gas, across a semi-permeable barrier. We have developed a mathematical tool which enables the retrieval of fast response signals from sensors with this type of sensor design.

We present an experiment intended to enable extremely low-noise magnetic field measurements. We manufactured fluxgate magnetometer cores using two metal alloys, two geometries, two foil thicknesses, and six different heat treatments and compared the resulting material properties, power consumption, and magnetic noise. Our results suggest that thinner foils, potentially using a new copper alloy, manufactured into continuous racetrack washers may provide excellent performance in fluxgate sensors.