Articles | Volume 13, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-13-325-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-13-325-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Development of an internet-of-things-based controlled-source ultrasonic audio frequency electromagnetic receiver
Zucan Lin
School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
Keyu Zhou
School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
Xiyuan Zhang
School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
Xinchang Wang
School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
Hui Zhang
School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
Feng Liu
School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
Related authors
Xiyuan Zhang, Qisheng Zhang, Zucan Lin, Huiying Li, Xinchang Wang, and Hui Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2970, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2970, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems (GI).
Short summary
Short summary
We addressed limitations in mineral exploration tools: poor shallow-depth imaging, complex controls, and inefficient data transmission. Our solution combining advanced hardware and intelligent software, it ensures stable high-speed data flow, enables remote control/real-time viewing anywhere, and operates reliably in diverse field conditions. Successfully tested in a Chinese mining area, it provides geologists with a more powerful, user-friendly tool for underground mapping.
Xiyuan Zhang, Qisheng Zhang, Zucan Lin, Huiying Li, Xinchang Wang, and Hui Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2970, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2970, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems (GI).
Short summary
Short summary
We addressed limitations in mineral exploration tools: poor shallow-depth imaging, complex controls, and inefficient data transmission. Our solution combining advanced hardware and intelligent software, it ensures stable high-speed data flow, enables remote control/real-time viewing anywhere, and operates reliably in diverse field conditions. Successfully tested in a Chinese mining area, it provides geologists with a more powerful, user-friendly tool for underground mapping.
Hongjie Zheng, Yongqing Wang, Qisheng Zhang, Zewen Li, and Lin Chao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2884, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2884, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems (GI).
Short summary
Short summary
Our research has developed a new algorithm to improve microseismic signal picking in oil and gas exploration. We use a group theory-based optimization algorithm (GTOA) for signal clustering, combined with the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) for precise signal picking. Experiments demonstrate that the GTOA algorithm shows better clustering performance across multiple datasets, and the designed algorithm achieves more accurate signal picking under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions.
Qimao Zhang, Keyu Zhou, Ming Deng, Ling Huang, Cheng Li, and Qisheng Zhang
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 14, 55–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-55-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-14-55-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a software system for a high-precision magnetometer platform, specifically designed for human-occupied vehicles (HOVs). The system integrates magnetometers to deliver accurate magnetic field detection, with advanced features such as automatic probe switching and magnetic compensation. The system's performance was validated through rigorous laboratory tests and marine experiments on the Shenhai Yongshi platform.
Feng Guo, Qisheng Zhang, and Shenghui Liu
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 12, 111–120, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-12-111-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-12-111-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a new type of power station unit with wireless data transmission capability, which was not supported by same type of instrument as on the market. Based on this, a novel distributed geophysical data acquisition architecture is also proposed. The proposed instrument loads more stations than the industry-leading LAUL-428 while providing additional wireless data transmission and narrowband Internet of Things remote control.
Keyu Zhou, Qisheng Zhang, Guangyuan Chen, Zucan Lin, Yunliang Liu, and Pengyu Li
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 12, 57–69, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-12-57-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-12-57-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The expendable current profiler (XCP) is a single-use instrument that rapidly measures currents, including the velocity, flow direction, and temperature of seawater. This study improves upon the design of the XCP to reduce the cost of the single-use devices. This has been achieved by adopting signal modulation and demodulation to transmit analog signals on an enamelled wire and digitizing the signal above the surface of the water.
Keyu Zhou, Qisheng Zhang, Yongdong Liu, Zhen Wu, Zucan Lin, Bentian Zhao, Xingyuan Jiang, and Pengyu Li
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 10, 141–151, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-10-141-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-10-141-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes the development of a new multifunctional four-dimensional high-density electrical instrument based on remote wireless communication technology, for use in shallow geophysical prospecting. We carried out a lot of tests. Our design successfully addresses a number of shortcomings of such instruments currently available on the market, including bulkiness, weight, limitations in data acquisition accuracy, and difficulty of connecting to the Internet for remote monitoring.
Qimao Zhang, Shuaiqing Qiao, Qisheng Zhang, and Shiyang Liu
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 10, 91–100, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-10-91-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-10-91-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In order to meet the needs of geophysical exploration, the requirements of intelligent and convenient exploration instruments are realized. From the perspective of software, this research combines today's wireless transmission technology to integrate applications into mobile phones to realize remote control of field operations. It provides a new idea for geophysical exploration.
Cited articles
Aykaç, S., Timur, E., Sari, C., and Caylak, C.: CSAMT investigations of the Caferbeyli (Manisa/Turkey) geothermal area, J. Earth Syst. Sci., 124, 149–159, 2015. a
Cagniard, L.: Basic theory of the magneto-telluric method of geophysical prospecting, Geophysics, 18, 605–635, 1953. a
Chun-lei, L., Chen-ming, L., Ya-Song, L., Qi-chen, H., and Sheng-wei, C.: Genetic model and exploration target area of geothermal resources in Hongtang Area, Xiamen, China, Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 10, 128–137, 2022. a
Farzamian, M., Alves Ribeiro, J., Khalil, M. A., Monteiro Santos, F. A., Filbandi Kashkouli, M., Bortolozo, C. A., and Mendonça, J. L.: Application of transient electromagnetic and audio-magnetotelluric methods for imaging the monte real aquifer in Portugal, Pure Appl. Geophys., 176, 719–735, 2019. a
Geometrics: Stratagem EH-5-Geometrics: Geometrics, https://www.geometrics.com/product/stratagem-eh5/ (last access: 3 September 2024), 2024. a
Goldstein, M. and Strangway, D.: Audio-frequency magnetotellurics with a grounded electric dipole source, Geophysics, 40, 669–683, 1975. a
Guo, R., Li, M., Yang, F., Xu, S., and Abubakar, A.: Application of supervised descent method for 2D magnetotelluric data inversion, Geophysics, 85, WA53–WA65, 2020. a
Khandelwal, S. and Shreejith, S.: A lightweight multi-attack CAN intrusion detection system on hybrid FPGAs, in: 2022 32nd International Conference on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL), Hong Kong, China, 5–9 December 2022, IEEE, 425–429, https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL57034.2022.00070, 2022. a
Liu, Y., Wang, G., Guo, X., Hu, J., Wang, J., Wang, X., and Zhao, G.: A Joint Method Based on Geochemistry and Magnetotelluric Sounding for Exploring Geothermal Resources in Sedimentary Basins and Its Application, Water, 14, 3299, https://doi.org/10.3390/w14203299, 2022. a
Metronix: metronixweb, https://www.metronix.de/metronixweb/ (last access: 22 August 2024), 2024. a
Peng, F., Zhao, X., Zhang, S., Duan, H., Du, S., Zhao, Q., and Guo, C.: A portable frequency-domain electromagnetic detection system, Int. J. Circ. Theor. App., 52, 4105–4128, https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.3919, 2024. a
Phoenix Geophysics: Ultra-wideband MT Systems, https://www.phoenixgeophysics.com/ultra-wideband-mt-systems (last access: 2 September 2024), 2023. a
Rong, Z. and Liu, Y.: 3D joint inversion of controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric and magnetotelluric data, Global Geology, 25, 26–33, 2022. a
Sandberg, S. K. and Hohmann, G. W.: Controlled-source audiomagnetotellurics in geothermal exploration, Geophysics, 47, 100–116, 1982. a
Tang, C. and Wang, Z.: Application of High-Frequency Magnetotelluric Method in Exploration of Coal Mine Goaf, Advances in Geosciences, 13, 329–335, 2023. a
Teng, J., Xue, G., and Song, M.: Theory on exploring mineral resources in the second deep space and practices with electromagnetic method, Chinese J. Geophys.-CH, 65, 3975–3985, 2022. a
Wang, H., Liu, J., Guo, W., and Tian, S.: A surface-tunnel frequency domain electromagnetic method for mineral exploration in Tajikistan area, Frontiers in Energy Research, 11, 1247346, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1247346, 2023. a
Wang, M., Deng, M., Yu, P., Yin, C., Chen, K., and Luo, X.: High-power time-frequency transmission and multi-chain cable multi-component electromagnetic system for deep-water exploration, Chinese J. Geophys.-CH, 65, 3664–3673, 2022. a
Xu, Y., Liu, L., Wu, K., Geng, Z., and Fang, G.: Research on technology of Controlled Source Radio MagnetoTelluric system's transmitter, Journal of Electronics (China), 31, 609–618, 2014. a
Yu, C., Liu, C., Xue, J., Zhang, F., and Li, Y.: Review in the Geophysical Methods for Coalbed Methane Resources in Abandoned Coal Mine, Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Diqiu Kexue Ban)/Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 53, 1991–2005, https://doi.org/10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20230284, 2023. a
Yuan, Z., Wang, Y., Liu, S., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., Zhao, M., and Zhang, Q.: Research and development of ADS1271 based distributed engineering seismic acquisition unit, in: 2016 Third International Conference on Digital Information Processing, Data Mining, and Wireless Communications (DIPDMWC), Moscow, Russia, 6–8 July 2016, IEEE, 302–306, https://doi.org/10.1109/DIPDMWC.2016.7529407, 2016. a
Zhang, H. and Wang, X.: A new type of photovoltaic monitoring system based on cloud platform, in: Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Electromechanical Automation (AIEA 2022), Changsha, China, 8–10 April 2022, SPIE, Vol. 12329, 623–628, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646905, 2022. a
Zhang, K., Lin, N., Wan, X., Yang, J., Wang, X., and Tian, G.: An approach for predicting geothermal reservoirs distribution using wavelet transform and self-organizing neural network: a case study of radon and CSAMT data from Northern Jinan, China, Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources, 8, 156, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-022-00468-1, 2022. a
Zhang, M., Farquharson, C. G., and Liu, C.: Improved controlled source audio-frequency magnetotelluric method apparent resistivity pseudo-sections based on the frequency and frequency–spatial gradients of electromagnetic fields, Geophys. Prospect., 69, 474–490, 2021. a
Zhang, Z., Zhou, F., and Lu, S.: High speed data acquisition system based on AD7760, Instrument Technique and Sensor, 24–26, https://qikan.cqvip.com/Qikan/Article/Detail?id=667598431 (last access: 2 September 2024), 2015. a
Zhou, K., Zhang, Q., Liu, Y., Wu, Z., Lin, Z., Zhao, B., Jiang, X., and Li, P.: Internet-of-things-based four-dimensional high-density electrical instrument for geophysical prospecting, Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 10, 141–151, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-10-141-2021, 2021a. a
Zhou, L., Xie, X., Wang, X., and Yan, L.: Optimal Transceiver Distance of Controlled-source Audio-frequency Magnetotelluric Sounding Method, J. Environ. Eng. Geoph., 26, 111–116, 2021b. a
Zonge International: Gdp-32ii, http://www.zonge.com/legacy/PDF_Equipment/Gdp-32ii.pdf (last access: 22 August 2024), 2012. a
Short summary
This paper describes the development of a controlled-source ultra-audio frequency electromagnetic receiver based on remote wireless communication technology for use in geophysical prospecting. Our design successfully addresses several shortcomings of such instruments currently available on the market, including their weight, limitations in data acquisition frequency, and difficulty in connecting to the internet for remote monitoring.
This paper describes the development of a controlled-source ultra-audio frequency...