Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems
Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems
GI
Articles | Volume 15, issue 2
Articles | Volume 15, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-195-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-15-195-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 15, issue 2
Research article
 | 
06 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 06 Jul 2026

Causal and uncertainty-aware digital-twin framework for ultra–low-noise geoscientific inertial sensors

Antonino D'Alessandro

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Cited articles

Antoni-Micollier, L., Carbone, D., Ménoret, V., Lautier-Gaud, J., King, T., and Greco, F.: Detecting volcano-related underground mass changes with a quantum gravimeter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 49, e2022GL097814, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL097814, 2022. 
Bai, W., Feng, W., Wang, P., Zhang, Z., and Zhao, G.: Research on Interferometric Tilt Sensor for Vibration Isolation Platform, Sensors-Basel, 25, 1777, https://doi.org/10.3390/s25061777, 2025. 
Bendat, J. S. and Piersol, A. G.: Random Data: Analysis and Measurement Procedures, 4th edn., Wiley, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118032428, 2010. 
Brown, D. D., Jones, P., Rowlinson, S., Leavey, S., Green, A. C., Töyrä, D., and Freise, A.: Pykat: Python package for modelling precision optical interferometers, SoftwareX, 12, 100613, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2020.100613, 2020. 
Carlin, H. M., Goodall, P. A., Young, R. I. M., and West, A. A.: An interactive framework to support decision-making for Digital Twin design, Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 41, 100639, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2024.100639, 2024. 
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Instruments that measure extremely small ground motions are vital for monitoring earthquakes, volcanoes, and slow Earth deformation. This study presents a virtual modelling approach that predicts sensor performance before construction. By accounting for physical limits, electronic effects, and uncertainty, the method clarifies what truly limits sensitivity and how designs can be improved, supporting the development of more accurate and robust tools for Earth science.
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