The new Arctic magnetic observatory at Pituffik in Greenland is strategically located in a sparsely monitored high-latitude region. Analysis of over a year of data, including baseline stability, temperature control, and calibrated magnetic field measurements demonstrates high data quality and confirms the observatory’s readiness for contribution to the international geomagnetic community.

We have adopted Polaris sighting as our azimuth observation at our observatories for a long time. This method, however, has some difficulties such as weather-dependent observation conditions. Therefore, we examined the satellite method and found that its precision was comparable to the Polaris sighting. We also found that a significant difference of about 10 arcseconds between them. This is due likely to a deflection of vertical, which is well known in the field of geodetic surveying.

We developed a system for frequency control and monitoring of pulsed high-power lasers. It works in real-time, controls the laser cavity length, and performs a spectral analyzes of each individual laser pulse. The motivation for this work was to improve the retrieval of Doppler winds measured by lidar in the middle atmosphere by taking the frequency stability of the lidar transmitter into account.

This study evaluates the data quality and long-term robustness of reference fluxgate theodolites in Geomagnetic Network of China (GNC). Results show high stability in reference instruments and no drift. Operator dependent errors were identified as the primary contributor in observer data. The study highlights the critical role of comparisons. Future efforts should integrate sensors and automation technologies to minimize human errors, thereby providing a higher quality data for studies.

The study examines how new satellite images can be used to create detailed maps of Earth’s surface height. Analysis of Sentinel-1C data shows that very short time gaps between images produce the most accurate results in the study area, while longer gaps reduce quality, especially over forests and steep terrain. The findings give insights on the data quality achievable by 1-day repeat-pass interferometry by Sentinel-1.