A simple and autonomous ionospheric correction estimation method in SPP allows independence from external products delivering information on the ionospheric delay. The elaborated mathematical model improves navigation solutions in reference to the SPP approach with the Klobuchar algorithm and ensures results on a similar level compared to the IGS TEC map. The numerical experiment was carried out utilizing real GNSS code data and a MATLAB environment.

The systematic error of calibrated fluxgate magnetometer data is studied for a spinning spacecraft. The major error comes from the offset uncertainty when the ambient magnetic field is low, while the error represents the combination of non-orthogonality, misalignment to spacecraft reference direction, and gain when the ambient field is high. The results are useful in developing future high-precision magnetometers and an error estimate in scientific studies using magnetometer data.

UAV-borne magnetometry has gradually become an important tool for geophysical studies. However, developing such a UAV-borne aeromagnetometry system is challenging owing to strong magnetic interference introduced by onboard electric and electronic components. One static and two dynamic experiments were conducted to understand the platform's magnetic interference. The results reveal that the strongest magnetic interference is from some current-carrying cables.

A new multicomponent electrical field observation system based on an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) was introduced for the measurement of seafloor self-potential. The system was tested in a lake and the multicomponent self-potential data were collected. The new SP system can be applied to marine SP observations, providing an efficient and low-noise SP acquisition method for marine resources and environmental investigations.

The Blue Nile Basin is of vital importance for the whole Nile Basin. The investigation of the impact of climate change on this basin is essential. The Blue Nile Basin annual and monthly temperatures were investigated. Spatial and temporal patterns of changes in extreme temperatures are investigated using 10 meteorological stations' data for the period 1950–2018. The investigation showed that climate change increased temperatures in the basin.

Current borehole receivers only measure a single parameter of the magnetic field component, which does not meet the special requirements of controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) methods. This study proposes a borehole electromagnetic receiver that realizes synchronous acquisition of the vertical electric field component and three-axis orthogonal magnetic field components. Results of the experiments show that our system functioned adequately and that high-quality CSEM signals were obtained.

Gravimetry studies the variations of the Earth’s gravity field which can be linked to mass changes studied in various disciplines of the Earth sciences. The gravitational attraction of the Earth is measured with gravimeters. Quantum gravimeters allow for continuous, high-frequency absolute gravity monitoring while remaining user-friendly and transportable. We assess the capacity of the AQG#B01, developed by Muquans, as a field gravimeter for hydrogeophysical applications.

The transient electromagnetic method (TEM) is widely used for mapping subsurface resistivity structures, but data are inevitably contaminated by noise from various sources including radio signals in the very low frequency (VLF) 3–30 kHz band. We present an approach where VLF noise is effectively suppressed with a new post-processing scheme where boxcar gates are combined into semi-tapered gates. The result is a 20 % increase in the depth of investigation for the presented test survey.

In order to meet the needs of geophysical exploration, the requirements of intelligent and convenient exploration instruments are realized. From the perspective of software, this research combines today's wireless transmission technology to integrate applications into mobile phones to realize remote control of field operations. It provides a new idea for geophysical exploration.

This paper presents a novel method for locating magnetic interference sources on unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) destined for aeromagnetic surveys. The technique is demonstrated in an indoor laboratory, whereas most magnetic mapping has previously been done outdoors, and is performed on four different types of UAS with their motors engaged. Sources are discussed on each UAS platform but can also be used as a point of reference for typical components that cause interference.

Laser interference absolute gravimeters are high-precision gravimetry instruments. However, the error caused by self-sysetm and enviromental vibration has become the primary obstacle limiting their accuracy and stability. The present work addresses this issue by proposing a global search optimization algorithm that determines the optimal absolute value of gravity. The results evaluated by numerical calculations demonstrate that this algorithm provides a substantial anti-vibration capability.

We reviewed eight algorithms to estimate missing values of environmental drivers and three major fluxes in eddy covariance time series. Overall, machine-learning algorithms showed superiority over the rest. Among the top three models (feed-forward neural networks, eXtreme Gradient Boost, and random forest algorithms), the latter showed the most solid performance in different scenarios.